Essay --

Hamlet is a great case of a story that has a terrible impact. All together for a story to have this impact it must have an awful legend that gets compassion from the crowd individuals. To be an appalling saint a character must have great qualities: courage and dependability, however they additionally can have a terrible one like pride. In the play Hamlet, Hamlet turned into the awful saint after his dad is murdered. His dad, King Hamlet, is slaughtered by his sibling Claudius so he could acquire the seat and everything that accompanied the realm of Denmark. After his father’s demise, Hamlet retaliates for his father’s passing by attempting to execute Claudius. Hamlet is the awful legend since he is bold and steadfast, however he was unable to move past his father’s demise snappy enough which at last assume a key job in his passing. The crowd feels compassion toward the dilemma that villa is in which makes him the ideal disastrous saint of the play Hamlet. Toward the start of the play Hamlet is experiencing a tough time in his life. His dad just kicked the bucket, and his mom simply wedded his uncle under two months after the fact. Hamlet’s ...

Customer Based Brand Equity

Client Based Brand Equity On the off chance that all Coca Colas resources were wrecked for the time being , whoever possessed the Coca Cola name would stroll into a bank the following morning and get a credit to modify everything. VP Corporate Communications, Coca Cola Theoretical: The Purpose of this paper is to feature the significant commitments during the time spent creating and estimating client based brand value (CBBE) models by investigating the commitments of various scientists in this field. From the beginning this paper, at that point, turns into a correlation of various CBBE models. Beginning from Aaker (1991) to Keller (2003), it thinks about four CBBE models. This paper considers Agarwal and Raos (1996) model to be the most appropriate one for Pakistani condition since it coordinates the clients dynamic procedure with client based brand value. Presentation: This paper features significant commitments during the time spent understanding distinctive client based brand value models. The emphasis on client based brand value is a direct result of three reasons: 1. it permits the evaluation of value at the brand level; 2. specialists in promoting intensely utilize this idea; and 3. promoting experts discover this idea of brand value more obvious than other brand value ideas (Agarwal Rao, 1996). Writing Review: A customary meaning of a brand was: the name, related with at least one things in the product offering, which is utilized to distinguish the wellspring of character of the item(s) (Kotler, 2000) (p.396). The American Marketing Association (AMA) meaning of a brand is a name, term, sign, image, or plan, or a blend of them, expected to recognize the merchandise and ventures of one vender or gathering of merchants and to separate them from those of contenders (p. 404). Keller (2003) characterizes brand as actually, at whatever point an advertiser makes another name, logo, or image for another item, the individual has made a brand (Keller, 2003) (p. 3). Before the move in center towards brands and the brand building process, brands were simply one more advance in the entire procedure of advertising to sell items. For quite a while, the brand has been treated in an impromptu manner as a piece of the item (Urde, 1999) (p. 119). Kotler (2000) specifies marking as a significant issue in item technique (p. 404). Aaker and Joachimsthaler (2000) notice that inside the conventional marking model the objective was to construct brand picture; a strategic component that drives momentary outcomes (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2000). Kapferer (1997) referenced that the brand is a sign - in this way outside whose capacity is to uncover the concealed characteristics of the item which are difficult to reach to contact (Kapferer, 1997) (p. 28). The brand served to recognize an item and to recognize it from the opposition. The test today is to make a solid and unmistakable picture (Kohli Thakor, 1997) (p. 208). Concerning the brand the executives procedure as identified with the capacity of a brand as an identifier, Aaker and Joachmisthaler (2000) talk about the conventional marking model where a brand supervisory crew was liable for making and organizing the brands the board program. In this circumstance, the brand director was not high in the companys pecking order; his center was the momentary monetary consequences of single brands and single items in single markets. The fundamental goal was the coordination with the assembling and deals offices so as to take care of any issue concerning deals and piece of the pie. With this procedure the obligation of the brand was exclusively the worry of the promoting office (Davis Aaker, 2000). When all is said in done, most organizations believed that concentrating on the best in class promoting effort implied concentrating on the brand (Davis Dunn, 2002). The model itself was strategic and responsive as opposed to key and visionary (Aaker and Joach imsthaler 2000). The brand was constantly alluded to as a progression of strategies and never like technique (Davis and Dunn 2002). Kapferer (1997) specifies that before the 1980s there was an alternate methodology towards brands. Organizations wished to purchase a maker of chocolate or pasta: after 1980, they needed to purchase KitKat or Buitoni. This differentiation is significant; in the main case firms wish to purchase creation limit and in the subsequent they need to purchase a spot in the psyche of the customer (p. 23). At the end of the day, the move in center towards brands started when it was comprehended that they were something more than insignificant identifiers. Brands, as per Kapferer (1997) serve eight capacities appeared in Table 1 underneath: the initial two are mechanical and concern the embodiment of the brand: to work as a perceived image so as to encourage decision and to pick up time (p. 29); the following three are for diminishing the apparent hazard; and the last three concern the joy side of a brand. He includes that brands play out a monetary capacity in the psyche of the buyer, the esti mation of the brand originates from its capacity to increase a selective, positive and noticeable importance in the brains of countless buyers (p. 25). In this way marking and brand building should concentrate on creating brand esteem. Table 1 The Functions of the Brand for the Consumer Capacity Purchaser Benefit ID To be plainly observed, to understand the offer, to rapidly recognize the looked for after items. Common sense To permit reserve funds of time and vitality through indistinguishable repurchasing and dedication. Assurance To make certain of finding a similar quality regardless of where or when you purchase the item or administration. Streamlining To make certain of purchasing the best item in its classification, the best entertainer for a specific reason. Portrayal To have affirmation of your mental self portrait or the picture that you present to other people. Congruity Fulfillment realized through recognition and closeness with the brand that you have been devouring for a considerable length of time. Libertine Fulfillment connected to the appeal of the brand, to its logo, to its correspondence. Moral Fulfillment connected to the mindful conduct of the brand in its relationship towards society. Adjusted from Kapferer (1997) Kapferers perspective on brand esteem is money related, and incorporates immaterial resources. Brands neglect to accomplish their worth making potential where chiefs seek after procedures that are not orientated to augmenting the investor esteem (Doyle, 2001) (p. 267). Four elements consolidate in the brain of the customer to decide the apparent estimation of the brand: brand mindfulness; the degree of saw quality contrasted with contenders; the degree of certainty, of noteworthiness, of compassion, of preferring; and the extravagance and engaging quality of the pictures invoked by the brand. In Figure 1 the connections between the various ideas of brand investigation, as indicated by Kapferer (1997), are summed up. Figure 1 From Brand Assets to Brand Equity Brand Awareness + Image + Perceived Quality + Evocations + Familiarity, preferring Brand Assets Brand included worth saw by clients Expenses of marking Expenses of contributed capital Brand monetary worth (BRAND EQUITY) Kapferer (1997), P 37 Brand Equity Numerous scientists, while examining brand building models, have alluded to mark value. Urde (1999) in his model of brand direction, Aaker and Joachimsthaler (2000) in their model of brand administration, Davis (2002) in his model of brand resource the board, de Chernatony in his model of corporate marking (De Chernatony, 1999), and Kapferer (1997) have examined brand value in their separate models of brand building. However, what precisely is brand value? Brand value, as first characterized by Farquhar , is the additional incentive with which a given brand blesses an item (Farquhar, 1989) (p.24). Aside from Farquhars first meaning of brand value, different definitions have showed up. As indicated by Lassar, Mittal, and Sharma (1995), brand value has been inspected from a budgetary point of view (Farquhar, Han, Ijiri, 1991), (Simon Sullivan, 1993), Kapferer 1997, Doyle 2001), and a client based viewpoint ((Keller 1993; (Shocker, Srivastava, Ruekert, 1994); and (Chen, 2001)) (Lassar, Mittal, Sharma, 1995). As it were, budgetary importance from the point of view of the estimation of the brand to the firm, and client based significance the estimation of the brand for the client which originates from a showcasing dynamic setting (Kim, Kim, A, 2003). Brand value has additionally been characterized as the upgrade in the apparent utility and allure a brand name presents on an item (Lassar, Mittal and Sharma 1995, p.13). High brand value is viewed as an upper hand since: it infers that organizations can charge a premium; there is an expansion in client request; expanding a brand gets simpler; correspondence battles are increasingly viable; there is better exchange influence; edges can be more noteworthy; and the organization turns out to be less helpless against rivalry (Bendixen, Bukasa, Abratt, 2004). As such, high brand value produces a differential impact, higher brand information, and a bigger buyer reaction (Keller 2003), which ordinarily prompts better brand execution, both from a budgetary and a client point of view. Money related worth based strategies extricate the brand value an incentive from the estimation of the organizations different resources (Kim, Kim, and A 2003). Simon and Sullivan (1993) characterize brand value as the gradual incomes which accumulate to marked items well beyond the incomes which would result from the offer of unbranded items (p. 29). These creators gauge an organizations brand value by getting money related market gauges from brand-related benefits. Taking the money related market estimation of a firm as a base, they remove the organizations brand value from the estimation of the organizations other unmistakable and elusive resources, which brings about a gauge dependent on the organizations future incomes. Along a similar line of thought, Doyle (2001) contends that brand value is reflected by the capacity of brands to make an incentive by quickening development and upgrading costs. As such, brands

Disaparity economics Who is the top 1% of the income and where do they Essay

Disaparity financial aspects Who is the top 1% of the salary and where do they live - Essay Example Difference financial aspects is impacted by numerous elements like globalization, world of politics, and social changes. In America, it is guaranteed that globalization made â€Å"money go genuinely crazy† (Peterson, refered to in Freeland). The way of life of the most extravagant is a long ways from that of poor people. The most extravagant are the globetrotters who never remain in the nation for long. They realize outside spots better than they do puts in their own nation. They invest more energy with aircraft airline stewards than with their families. The vast majority of these most extravagant individuals are agents. An investigate the lives and societies of these individuals causes a typical individual to survey how diversely they live their lives than a working class individual who needs to manage such a significant number of uncertainties throughout everyday life. For instance, the work advertise is so eccentric in light of the fact that the monetary state of the nation has made cutbacks so regular now wherever in the US. All the capital increases continue moving toward that 1 percent which as of now has enough of these additions. The outcome is that different classes, particularly the middles class, is definitely ransacked off of its benefits. For instance, Freeland in her extremely savvy book gives instances of Bill Gates and Warren Buffet to demonstrate how amazingly inconsistent the American culture has become. It is guaranteed that both these men together have a tight handle on as much riches as the other 120 million Americans at the base of the riches appropriation. Doors and Buffet are two most significant names of the top 1% of the US society. Smorgasbord lives in Omaha in not an extremely sumptuous home. All things considered, the structure of the house is exceptionally pleasant. He additionally simply sold a rich summer home situated in Laguna Beach. It is sheltered to state that he carries on with an entirely agreeable way of life. Bill Gates lives in a huge manor which took more than 7 years and 63 million dollars to fabricate alone. The chateau is situated in Washington. There is each extravagance possible

Campaign Used by Coca-Cola Company in Marketing its Product - 1100 Words

Campaign Used by Coca-Cola Company in Marketing its Products (Research Paper Sample) Content: Advertising Campaign for Coca-cola BrandStudent NameCourseDateInstructorOverview of the Coca-cola brandCoca-cola is the world largest beverage company recognized for its best service of refreshing consumers all over the world. It is an American multinational beverage company, which specializes in manufacturing, retailing and marketing of nonalcoholic beverage products situated at Atlanta in Georgia. John Stith Pemberton was the inventor of the company in the year 1886. From 1889, the company has been operating a franchised distribution system, whereby it produces syrup concentrate that is then distributed to several bottlers across the globe.Currently, Coca-cola is the most recognized company in provision of various products such as sparkling beverages, juices, ready-to-drink and juice drinks. Implementing sustainable community by putting its focus on the initiatives that result to environmental footprint reduction, and healthy living is the company enduring commitmen t. According to Coca-cola Co (2006) analysis, the company considers working in a safe environment for its associates as well as enhancing the economic growth of the communities in which it operates.Coco-cola brand lies under the category of products brand. This implies that the coca-cola products are build based on the experience the company has towards its products. The niche that coca-cola company intends to fill is advertisement. Coca-cola Company has always put its focus on advertising and that focus has pushed it to the top of the mountain. The company uses some few words and phrases such as fantastic, wholesome, colorful and memory provoking, which describe coca-cola advertisement activity. Through advertisement campaigns, the Coca colas brand power has considerably increased for the last few years. For instance, the company was the best sponsor of the 2014 winter Olympics that took place at Sochi in Russia. The activations of the Olympic game sponsored by the company, such as the longest Olympic torch relay, was of significance for it generated 11% growth in Russia unit in the year 2013 (Wang, 2015).Unfilled product nicheOne huge mistake that Coca-cola brand managers make is making an effort to market their product to a large general market rather than putting their focus on a small niche market. As marketing and advertising advisor of this organization, having clients to place the focus on them concerning a niche market is the most challenging aspect of this job (Dudovskiy, 2015). For instance, if a marketing advisor consult clients that they must begin on a small specialized market niche, it is obvious for the clients to say that they think everybody is in a possibility of using their products and if they restrict their market, then they might experience low income on their products. This is one of the instances that happen to the Coca-cola Company. However, as an advisor, I would tell the Coca-cola management that if they would wish the market their products globally, they would be required to invest a lot on regional, national and international advertising campaigns. This will make them spend more on advertisement than on what they may get from the products.Therefore, what I would advise them is that, in order for them to experience success in the current hyper-competitive situation; they should place their business focus and marketing on serving a common specialized as well as small niche market. This is a fact and a mater of over taking the competitors by having a small marketing budget. The reason behind this is that the company will spend little on marketing and earn more form their products. Thus, if the Coca-cola company ends up ignoring this advise and go on marketing their products on a large general market instead of first experiencing success in a small market niche, the company might end up being out of business and drop in its interbrand ranking worldwide. However, if the organization puts its focus on a small nich e market, it will increase the odds for business success with limited or no risk.Coca-cola brand image market nicheCoca-cola brand image is one of the few images recognized worldwide. Current marketers are in search for the coca-cola brand in order to create their marketing power. This brand image has transcended the cultural barriers as well as the national borders in order to get to for everyones attention globally. From the start of 1886, the president governing the coca-cola company began to travel to many countries for the significance of advertising this brand image to pharmacist as well as the drink. The reason behind this is that the drink, at that period, was regarded as a medicinal substance that was used to relieve headaches as well as other minor woes. From that time, the brand image went on penetrating further around the globe, which acted as one of the advertisement tool to this brand.Currently, Coca-cola remains a powerful brand with more than a century of history tha t runs behind it. Due to this, items featuring the before incarnations of the coca-cola have been Americana classic pieces. Mayer (n.d) argues that the coca-cola brands success has not just been the world of brand marketing, but also of the history of the America. The brand image acts as a symbol of the popularity of the soft drinks together with the dominance of the American entrepreneurialism in the twentieth century and on.Coca-cola considers its brand image as a fundamental factor that makes a huge influence in its sales. This companys brand contains the privilege of being recognized worldwide as it has to implement their image on a universal value, which is happiness. Consumers perceive this brand as a part of daily lif...

“SOS Im in Love With Book Character”

You know him better than any of his relatives or friends. You are aware of every his feeling and thought, not a single trait of his personality goes past you. You saw him at his best and at his worst and you love him passionately with your whole heart. There is only one thing that keeps you away from complete happiness. He is a book character and he does not exist. Two Different Cases It is not that bad if the character is fictional. At least you can convince yourself that he is an invention of somebodys creative mind, a creature too perfect to exist. The whole situation becomes much worse if your beloved character is a legendary person or a famous historical figure. The mere realization of this fact fills your head with â€Å"If only I had been born a century earlier† thoughts. All we can advise you – a cruel, but an effective cure: look around and find a nowadays legendary person. What are your chances to build a relationship with such an individual? Lower than one could imagine? Well, then it is hardly possible that you would be able to reach the man of your dreams a century ago. Besides, most of his positive traits are likely to be made up. Short List of Pieces of Advice There are some general pieces of advice for everyone who got lovesick for a book character: Try to switch the book. Find another character to decrease your feelings towards the previous one. Just do not become too playful about it – you might fall in love with the next character and the new feeling can even be worse than the old one. Do NOT try to find yourself a real relationship before you manage to cope with â€Å"book love†. Real boyfriends always lose. At least because you cannot read their thoughts. Try to realize: do you love the character or your own reflection within him? Or, perhaps, he is simply a perfect image of a man for you, not an object of love? Then all you need to do is to make yourself better – and to become more like him. Join the fan club. There you will be able to meet people who will understand your awkward passion and to share your feelings with them. Perhaps, your love towards a fiction character will help you make friends with someone, who will stay in your life even when the love itself will fade away. Think Realistic A character you adore when reading a book, in reality could shatter your life into pieces. Deb Caletti made a good point in his book â€Å"The Secret Life of Prince Charming†: It starts so young, and Im angry about that. The garbage were taught. About love, about whats romantic. Look at so many of the so-called romantic figures in books and movies. Do we ever stop and think how many of them would cause serious and drastic unhappiness after The End? Why are sick and dangerous personality types so often shown a passionate and tragic and something to be longed for when those are the very ones you should run for your life from? Think about it.

Analysis Of Ruination And Drosscape - 1341 Words

Ruination and Drosscape Ruination is a recurring theme through the creative field; primarily in art, art theory and poetry. There is a grand human reaction to ruin that transcends this word into a conceptual state. It is a concept that artists have had an abiding interest in, which has in turn led the conception of the modern ruin. My uncoverage of this concept has been through a multitude of resources whilst researching for my own artistic practise. Art theorists and artists have thematically looked to ruin as an aid to understand human nature and the ways in which we cope with the rapidly developing world around us through a sentimentality for what is past and lost. There is a need to discern this reaction to ruin and to simultaneously validate it. Ruins hold a curious charm that is produced by the coinciding state of decay and regeneration, which oscillate randomly and chaotically. Ruins draw people in and inspire creation. Similarly, art necessarily develops from the past’s foundation, the neglec ted; without a break, and wherever it may end up, reference to the past remains. Ruin provokes nostalgia for the aesthetic forms and iconography of the former, resulting in an ongoing phenomenon that recycles and regenerates in art and art theory. In Allan Smith’s Essay Entropic steps: Rocks, ruins, and increase in John Ruskin, Robert Smithson, and Per Kirkeby, he triangulates the writings of Ruskin, Smithson and Kirkeby, in order to show a breadth of reaction to ruin (primarily

Origin of Life Spontaneous Generation

Question: Discuss about the Origin of Life for Spontaneous Generation. Answer: Introduction In this world, it is taken human as the most talented species who has brain and have the capacity to utilize it. The earth is supporting life by providing a suitable environment for its growth and survival. Thinking about life on earth, the question always arises that how life started on earth, how the first cell that came to origin. The curiosity to know the possible answers many researchers did experiments on it and made models based on the circumstances. Scientists are trying to prove the actual reason of origin since the 17th century but till now there is no accurate and proved model about the origin. The model of spontaneous generation proposed by Aristotle was accepted as the base of the study till the 19th century. According to this model, one life form is derived from different forms (Oparin., 2003). Many ideas came to existence from the model and many artists drew many conceptual things based on the origin of life. Many questions arose on the concept of the model and many experiments done on it and in 1680s this model was proven wrong. Next came the Etymology model proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley according to which a life can be originated from a previous living organism and proposed the word biogenesis and also from a non-living matter and proposed it as Abiogenesis (Biogenesis Hmolpedia., n.a). After him Louis Pasteur and Charles Darwin tried to prove that the life came from different part of the universe which was again proved wrong by a letter written by Darwin in which he had written that instead of thinking how life came to existence, the focus should be on how matter formed. He wrote that from many results of the experiments he can assume that life may have formed here from many inorganic elements inside a small warm pool (Koonin, E.V. and Martin, W., 2005: 647-654). Next came the most important one, i.e. Primordial Soup hypothesis, which was proposed by Alexander Oparin and supported by the Miller-Urey Experiment (Vaneechoutte, and Fani., 2009: 437-440). According to this hypothesis, the following points can be concluded: The previous earths atmosphere is a type of chemically reducing. When this reactive atmosphere got exposed to various forms of energy, it formed simple organic compounds. These simple organic compounds get collected in a soup concentrated in various places of earth. Further by reacting and collaborating. Complexity of the matters increased and organic polymers were formed and then life came to existence ultimately. Even after so many experiments and evidences provided, there is none which can be taken as the proven one. In the following study we are going to see what the most relevant theories are and how the actual existence of life occurred. Current Accepted Models Even if there are no proved model for the existence of life, the most excepted one is the model proposed by Alexander Oparin and J.B.S. Haldane which is related to the molecular and chemical synthesis of life. According to this theory, the first cell came from many slow processes of the synthesis of the molecules naturally. The researchers proposed that, at the early ages, the Earth may consists of a chemically reducing atmosphere which consists largely of methane, water, carbon dioxide or monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and phosphate and scarcely or in negligible amount of molecular oxygen and ozone. This model was supported by the Miller-Urey experiment which showed the formation of the basic molecules like amino acids by electrifying the atmosphere composition proposed by Oparin and Haldane (Wickramasinghe., 2014). But later, after death of Miller, it was found that from the original experiment, 20 more amino acids were formed apart from the 20 existing in life. Taking this into base many advanced experiments were done to find out that the composition of earth atmosphere at that time was different and it was not as reactive as stated by the above mentioned model. Figure 1: Schematic presentation of Urey-Miller experiment set up In 1967, Bernal advocated that the origin of life (biopoiesis) occurred in three stages: Beginning of the bio monomers. Formation of bio polymers Transformation from molecules to cells. Modern scientists are also working on it to find out what are the possibility of this model to be correct. Derivation of organic molecules chemically Many study says that the complex molecules both organic and inorganic are formed in planets and space naturally. If this is considered then there are two possible ways, by which earth got the molecules. Terrestrial Origins: molecules are synthesized on the surface of the earth due to the impact of the shocks or any other source of energy. Extra-terrestrial Origins: interstellar dust clouds holding the formation of the organic molecules and then it rain on earth (Davis, and McKay., 1996:61-73). If the first molecule is formed from one of these process then it must be sure because of the Late Heavy Bombardment which made way for the processes to be carried out on the earth surface. The estimations of scientists shows that if it is a case of the Late Heavy Bombardment then it must have pasteurized the earth to tens of meter deep (Kaufman., 2011). Due to this the heated and sterilized oceanic crust produces a lot more amount of organics than the products from the Miller-Urey experiments. Everett Shock found that a deep far hypothermal vent consists of vast amount of thermodynamic force to produce organic compounds. According to Shock, the energy available in the vent can be measured to a maximum of about 100-150 degree Celsius which is a favourable condition for the survival and reproduction of the hyper thermophiles bacteria and hyper acidophilic archaea. These two are estimated to be the second phase after the Last Universal Common Ancestor. Experimental evidence of formation of biomolecules from inorganic compounds Self-replication (reproduction) and self-organisations are the attributes of living beings. Such features of self-replication and self-organisation has been observed in simple organic molecule i.e. RNA. Considering the fact that virus which are non-living until and unless they infect the host cell, once they get into the host cell they utilizes the host cell machinery to replicate themselves. These two facts supports the hypothesis of origin of life from self-replicating molecules. At places, even now there are several sources providing the necessary physical conditions to support the reactions of inorganic molecules to form organic molecules. Such as iron-sulphur surfaces nearer the hydrothermal vents can form biomolecules (Sivaram., 2004). Nitrogenous bases of nucleic acid can be formed from formamide, which can be formed by reaction between HCN and water. Also the simplest amino acid derived from it. Even heating ammonium cyanide in water can create adenine, which is a purine base. Similar many other possible reactions of inorganic molecules to form organic molecules have been found also it is important to note that, each reaction pathway is contrasting to other, such as formation of purines from HCN both at low and high temperature. Miller group reported that seven different amino acids and 11 types of nucleon-bases were formed in ice when ammonia and cyanide were stored in a freezer for 25 years. Others researches also have reported the formation of unusual bases upon co-incubation of ammonia and cyanide at low temperature conditions. Eutectic freezing is a possible explanation for such reactions (Bada., 2004:1-15). At freezing temperature water starts to form ice and under such conditions the water molecules comes closer to each other and packs itself into a lattice packing. During this process the soluble and insoluble impurities in water comes closer in the pockets inside the ice, where they can collide and stay under tremendous pressure. This conditions would also have favoured for formation of biomolecules. At present researchers supports the hypothesis that, at early stages the earth atmosphere was neutral or slightly reducing, which is contrasting to the earlier consensus of a complete reducing atmosphere. So under such conditions the products of Urey-Miller experiment will further reduce, however other researchers have reported the formation of several amino acids by reaction of carbonate and water in presence of iron. Few other groups of researchers have focused their studies on highly reducing environment. Recently it was found that cyanosulfidic array of reaction in presence of hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulphide, in presence of water and UV light can produce several amino acids, lipids components and ribonucleic acids. Self-organizing and Self-replicating molecules From the above discussions, it can be inferred that the origin of biomolecules on earth were from inorganic sources. Now the question arise, how the components of complex bio macromolecules polymerized to form proteins, RNA and DNA. Perhaps organic polymers such as polypeptides, were synthesized and accumulated on rock or clay surfaces, provided the environment was hot and dry enough, the water molecule can be lost and amino acids can join (Irwin, and Schulze-Makuch., 2010). According to the research of Chen and Szostak, essential cellular behaviours can rise from physicochemical properties of the basic protocells. Such important and cooperative behaviours of the membranes and the contents encapsulated can led to the transformation to true cells from replicating molecules (Chen., 2006:1558-1559). Further there will be formation of stabilized membranes which will put forward the crosslinking advantages of fatty acids and phospholipids. The micro encapsulation will prevent the passing of large molecules through it but will help in the exchange of smaller molecules. It will also help in the solubility and retention of energy as electrochemical gradient. Based on the above suggestions many discussion and experiments were done. In 2012, a study proposed by Armen Y Mulkidjanian, states that condensed and cooled inland pools and geothermal vapour procures an ideal ability for life origin (Switek., 2012:1038). RNA synthesis and replication According to the RNA world, the early Earth consists of RNA proteins having the characteristics of being catalytic and self-replicating but no DNA molecules. According to this, the present world is fully descendent from the concept of RNA world (Zimmer., 2014). After many experiments, the researchers were bound to think if RNA molecules had the ability to catalyse their replication. But to perform such replication, the presence of boron, oxygen and molybdenum is required which are present in Mars rather than in Earth at that time. And if the RNA world is true than the life originating molecules must have been transferred to Earth during the meteor ejections. RNA played an important role in the formation of the life and the factors supporting this are the special feature of RNA to act as a self-catalyse and self-storage of information. Many scientists were able to form small RNA molecules which are capable of replication in labs. Szostak was successful to show that some RNA molecules having the catalytic characteristics join the smaller RNA sequences to replicate (Szostak., 2008:11-29). Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that scientists are unsuccessful to find a proven theory about the origin of life in the earth. There are many theories prevailing related to the origin of life out of which some are just imaginary and cannot be possible in the earths environment and some are almost true but not totally true. Apart from all the theories discussed above some other theories like Big Bang theory, Iron sulphur world, Zn world hypothesis, clay hypothesis etc. are present which different scientists have proposed according to their study. As earth has changed a lot from its early self, so it was quite difficult to get the exact scenario of the origin of life. Still scientists are trying their best to get the accurate things that happened and they had been successful to a great extend but their destination is quite far away from them. From all above readings it can be concluded that, at first there were very reactive gases prevailing in Earth and then started reducing reactively due to the energy sources came from the Late Heavy Bombardment. From the non-organic molecules, organic molecules were formed such as amino acids and from them the RNA molecules were formed. These RNA molecules were self-replicating and self-catalysing which led to the evolution of the organic cells. This is the most estimated theory of life origin. Since it is not proven as the ultimate one, scientists are trying their best to find out the correct one. References Oparin, A.I., 2003. The origin of life. Courier Corporation. "Biogenesis - Hmolpedia". Eoht.info. N.p., 2016. Web. 18 Aug. 2016. Bada, J.L., 2004. How life began on Earth: a status report. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 226(1), pp.1-15. Chen, I.A., 2006. The emergence of cells during the origin of life. Science, 314(5805), pp.1558-1559. Davis, W.L. and McKay, C.P., 1996. Origins of life: a comparison of theories and application to Mars. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere, 26(1), pp.61-73. Irwin, L.N. and Schulze-Makuch, D., 2010. Cosmic biology: How life could evolve on other worlds. Springer Science Business Media. Kaufman, M., 2011. First contact: scientific breakthroughs in the hunt for life beyond Earth. Simon and Schuster. Koonin, E.V. and Martin, W., 2005. On the origin of genomes and cells within inorganic compartments. TRENDS in Genetics, 21(12), pp.647-654. Sivaram, C., 2004. Introduction to astrobiology. Universities Press. Switek, B., 2012. Debate bubbles over the origin of life. Nature. doi, 10, p.1038. Szostak, J.W., 2008. The origins of function in biological nucleic acids, proteins, and membranes. HHMI. Retrieved on, pp.11-29. Vaneechoutte, M. and Fani, R., 2009. From the primordial soup to the latest universal common ancestor. Research in microbiology, 160(7), pp.437-440. Wickramasinghe, C., 2014. The search for our cosmic ancestry. World Scientific. Zimmer, C., 2014. A Tiny Emissary From the Ancient Past. New York Times.

Managerial accounting free essay sample

a. Sales budget: April May June Quarter Budgeted sales in units 35,000 45,000 60,000 140,000 Selling price per unit Ãâ€" $8 Ãâ€" $8 Ãâ€" $8 Ãâ€" $8 Total sales $280,000 $360,000 $480,000 $1,120,000 b. Schedule of expected cash collections: February sales $ 48,000 $ 48,000 March sales 112,000 $ 56,000 168,000 April sales 70,000 140,000 $ 70,000 280,000 May sales 90,000 180,000 270,000 June sales 120,000 120,000 Total cash collections $230,000 $286,000 $370,000 $ 886,000 c. Merchandise purchases budget: Budgeted sales in units 35,000 45,000 60,000 140,000 Add budgeted ending inventory* 40,500 54,000 36,000 36,000 Total needs 75,500 99,000 96,000 176,000 Less beginning inventory 31,500 40,500 54,000 31,500 Required unit purchases 44,000 58,500 42,000 144,500 Unit cost Ãâ€" $5 Ãâ€" $5 Ãâ€" $5 Ãâ€" $5 Required dollar purchases $220,000 $292,500 $210,000 $ 722,500 *90% of the next month’s sales in units. Case 8-29 d. Budgeted cash disbursements for merchandise purchases: April May June Quarter March purchases $ 85,750 $ 85,750 April purchases 110,000 $110,000 220,000 May purchases 146,250 $146,250 292,500 June purchases 105,000 105,000 Total cash payments $195,750 $256,250 $251,250 $703,250 2. Cravat Sales Company Cash Budget For the Three Months Ending June 30 April May June Quarter Cash balance, beginning $ 14,000 $ 10,250 $ 10,000 $ 14,000 Add receipts from customers (Part 1 b.) 230,000 286,000 370,000 886,000 Total cash available 244,000 296,250 380,000 900,000 Less disbursements: Purchase of inventory (Part 1 d.) 195,750 256,250 251,250 703,250 Sales commissions 35,000 45,000 60,000 140,000 Salaries and wages 22,000 22,000 22,000 66,000 Utilities 14,000 14,000 14,000 42,000 Miscellaneous 3,000 3,000 3,000 9,000 Dividends paid 12,000 0 0 12,000 Land purchases 0 25,000 0 25,000 Total disbursements 281,750 365,250 350,250 997,250 Excess (deficiency) of receipts over disbursements (37,750) (69,000) 29,750 (97,250) Financing: Borrowings 48,000 79,000 0 127,000 Repayments* 0 0 (16,000) (16,000) Interest* 0 0 (3,020) (3,020) Total financing 48,000 79,000 (19,020) 107,980 Cash balance, ending $ 10,250 $ 10,000 $ 10,730 $ 10,730 *This is the maximum amount (in increments of $1,000) that the company could repay to the bank and still have at least a ,000 ending balance. We will write a custom essay sample on Managerial accounting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ** $48,000 Ãâ€" 1% Ãâ€" 3 = $1,440 $79,000 Ãâ€" 1% Ãâ€" 2 = 1,580 Total interest = $3,020 Case 8-29 3. Cravat Sales Company Budgeted Income Statement For the Three Months Ended June 30 Sales revenue (Part 1 a.) $1,120,000 Variable expenses: Cost of goods sold (140,000 ties @ $5 per tie) $700,000 Commissions (140,000 ties @ $1 per tie) 140,000 840,000 Contribution margin 280,000 Fixed expenses: Wages and salaries 66,000 Utilities 42,000 Insurance expired 3,600 Depreciation 4,500 Miscellaneous 9,000 125,100 Net operating income 154,900 Interest expense 3,020 Net income $ 151,880 Case 8-29 4. Cravat Sales Company Budgeted Balance Sheet June 30 Assets Cash (Part 2) $ 10,730 Accounts receivable (see below) 450,000 Inventory (36,000 ties @ $5 per tie) 180,000 Unexpired insurance ($14,400 – $3,600) 10,800 Fixed assets, net of depreciation ($172,700 + $25,000 – $4,500) 193,200 Total assets $844,730 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Accounts payable, purchases (50% Ãâ€" $210,000.) $105,000 Dividends payable 12,000 Loans payable, bank ($127,000 – $16,000) 111,000 Capital stock, no par 300,000 Retained earnings (see below) 316,730 Total liabilities and equity $844,730 Accounts receivable at June 30: 25% Ãâ€" May sales of $360,000 $ 90,000 75% Ãâ€" June sales of $480,000 360,000 Total $450,000 Retained earnings at June 30: Balance, March 31 $176,850 Add net income (Part 3) 151,880 Total 328,730 Less dividends declared 12,000 Balance, June 30 $316,730

Art Design for the Web Essay

Graphic/Art Design for the Web Essay Graphic/Art Design for the Web Essay Graphic/Art Design for the Web Roy Lichtenstein Roy Lichtenstein is the main founders of Pop Art in the United State born in 1923. He has Learning landscape drawing when he was young, later he keen on American abstract expressionist painting Creation Research. In the early 1960s he adapted from the U.S. to the contents of advertisements for comics for the pop art creations, this makes him almost became famous overnight. In 1970 he used in print outlets like "point" style used more in the creation of other subjects. After this he became the most influential artists of the art scene in the Twentieth century. He was created with the abstract expressionist painting style in pop art. Art works feature The most characteristic of Roy Lichtenstein’ artworks were his used 1950s American comics as a creative theme for his paintings. In this type of artworks, He caricature copy and zoom in to the canvas, also using a large number of outlets to express the modern large-scale industrial printing results, in his artworks has the bright color screen, but looks simple, showing his unique pop style. Whaam! Roy Lichtenstein Whaam! 1963 Acrylic and oil on canvas Support: 1727 x 4064 mm frame: 1747 x 4084 x 60 mm American comics, common theme American pop artist will usually appear on television or print media, some of the public familiar visual image as an important element in the creation of pop art. Everyday things can become common pop artists’ creative source. But Roy Lichtenstein is more interest on printed paper. He selected American comics as a creative basis in print paper. He should combined the ordinary things in everyday life and art, he selected the way of using traditional painting comic to replication and amplification to create his unique style of pop art. Whaam is an artwork selected from a set of American comics to zoom out. There are two consecutive pictures of this artwork: the first one is an enemy fighter to shoot the scene, the second one is depicting â€Å"Whaam!" which is the enemy was hit scene; At this time he painted in bright red color flat tail like the launch around the flames, its presenting a picture of the bloody terror blast. When this painting was exhibited first time in New York, it won the audience's strong reaction. In this way, the familiar American comics are reinterpreted through Roy Lichtenstein on the canvas; he said: The theme for the commercial art is pop art painting, so his artworks shows the common theme with a simple and direct visual images, he used this way to make some of the simple narrative comic such the storytelling that exists in order caricature into the shelves Art collections in the museum for asking people to watch carefully. Girl with Ball by Roy Lichtenstein Print outlets -personalized approach As we can see in Roy Lichtenstein’s artworks is always use the print outlets as an important means of artistic expression. It has also become a distinctive creative personality for his future. The raw material of the Girl with Ball by Roy Lichtenstein is derived from a holiday advertising works; he used those uniformly with black specks as being sunbathing woman's skin tone. In his artwork the image processing

Smart beta question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Smart beta question - Essay Example Throughout the time fund manages look forward for different ways to make the investment products effective. The new smart beta strategies works as passive equity investment assets for the market capitalization due to which most of the pension funds in the European countries like Netherlands, Scandinavia etc have shifted their equities portfolios towards smart beta strategies(Skypala). As the article of David highlights that the adoption of Smart beta strategies is one of the fastest growing investments as it tracks certain stock and asset in the index than emphasizing on the entire market. Smart beta has provided greater increase in the interest rate on the equity portfolio(Oakley). It has assessed providing greater and better returns on the equities than the passive or beta funds through taking in account the small company stocks(Skypala). I believe that the Smart Beta is one of the effective approaches that can provide a better combination of passive and active management approache s for the active managers to yields higher returns on the portfolios. In addition, the Smart beta can be an effective approach that lowers the risk for maintaining, enhancing long term returns. This is because the Smart Beta strategies allow multiple approaches for the managers to evaluate the fund management, as it is an alternative strategy that overcomes the risk parity, minimum variance and maximum diversification, value and growth and risk factors indices. However some of the active managers believe that the smart beta has the similar amount of risks involved that the previous approaches. Despite of the fact, the smart beta products still remain one of the most expensive portfolios to invest in than the other passive fund that have eventually decreased their fee to cut bones. This is because the smart beta products have higher and better returns than the other portfolios that provide a better opportunity for its investors to

Is Aborftion Moral Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is Aborftion Moral - Essay Example Rape is an act of sexual intercourse with a person who is unwilling. In most of the times, the rapists do not use protection. As such, the rape victims are impregnated by this heinous act. At times, the rape victims do not get enough mitigation processes to avoid pregnancy (Ezell, Norwood, Stewart, Greenwood, Waight, Bishop, and Hutchins, 2009). For example, some rape victims are afraid of seeking help from the healthcare service department. In these days, medical advancement makes it possible to use morning-after-pill to avert pregnancy. However, this is only possible with a timeline of up to 72 hours. Therefore, the victims have to bear the consequences of a crime. To many people, this is humiliating since the rape victim will have memories of an unwanted occurrence. In this aspect, it is acceptable to procure an abortion. Apparently, it is legally acceptable to abort after getting pregnant after a rape incident. Similarly, it is morally acceptable to procure an abortion in inciden ces like child abuse and incest. Many people in the world have a single source of income. For example, a family that is dependent on a single-family breadwinner will be solely dependent on the sole income. However, a situation could lead to a change in the source of income. For example, after death, divorce, or separation, families will find it hard to cope with the new life. In some instances, women find they are pregnant after divorce, separation, or death of their husbands (Webster, 2009). In such a situation, they do not have a single source of income. Apparently, they do have various responsibilities to accomplish. This increases the financial impedance on the single mother. In such a situation, one may procure an abortion. This will limit any other expenses that are precedent. Consequently, it is argued that many people are focusing on the morality of abortion. However, it is noted that there are

Analysis on Quality Improvement in Federal Prison Essay Example for Free

Analysis on Quality Improvement in Federal Prison Essay Introduction In the light of establishing a furnished description of the subject tackled on this paper quality improvement (QI) is an organized approach to planning and implementing continuous improvement in performance. Although QI holds promise for improving quality of care and patient safety, federal prisons that adopt QI often struggle with its implementation. This article examines the role of organizational infrastructure in implementation of quality improvement practices and structures in the federal prison.   The author gives more attention specifically on four elements of organizational support and infrastructure for QI-integrated data systems, financial support for QI, organizational integration, and information system capability. Further, these macrolevel factors provide consistent, ongoing support for the QI efforts of clinical teams engaging in direct patient care, thus promoting institutionalization of QI. Results from the multivariate analysis of 1997 survey data on 2,350 federal prisons provide strong support for the hypotheses. Results signal that organizations intent upon improving quality must attend to the context in which QI efforts are practiced, and that such efforts are unlikely to be effective unless appropriate support systems are in place to ensure full implementation. This paper addresses these gaps by examining the role of multiple elements of organizational infrastructure in implementation of QI practices and structures in the federal prison. Our results are intended to provide managers with information about the kinds of resource commitments and structural changes that enhance the value of their investment in QI, and to help policy makers identify policies or incentives that would help the federal prison management reach its utmost desire in the sagacity of Time Quality Management and other sort. Analysis This section consists of a continuous improvement model and the tools of improvement arranged in a logical flow to get the desired results. The emphasis is on all employees. This model and the basic tools utilized can be learned and effectively applied by everyone. There are many statistically based programs that are helpful for driving improvements on very technical problems. These programs are good for what they are designed to do. The limitation is that often they only engage a small percentage of the workforce. Typically, a few managers and a few technologists or engineers will be involved. There are also some good problem-solving techniques available that, all too often, are applied only after a customer-upsetting incident has occurred. Most organizations have, literally, tons of data, and yet very few of them are using it effectively. Within this continuous improvement teaming, you will learn how to convert data into information. The tools that will be used to do this are Pareto diagrams, histograms, scatter diagrams, and charting. Where more information is required, you will learn how to design and implement check sheets to gather the data required to provide the sought-for information. In the beginning of a continuous improvement program, one only needs to have the visibility with regard to the effect of things which are not being performed well in the provision of high quality product or service to the subjects.   With the use of this certain flow of organizational improvement, it shall be easier to make us of a diagram which illustrates the essence of conjunction and brainstorming, hence, not undermining the other external and internal functions bereft the subjects under study.   The poor effects of the organizational strategies which has been utilized may give light on the sagacity of improving the organization’s standards and the elimination of the unnecessary ideas for that instance. Aside from that, if the certain causes are found to be that which is isolated to specific are, person, or time period within the operation, the it will most likely be easier to get a through glimpse of the operation thus learning an echelon of stratification techniques and other unique case which shall be pondered on by the launchers of the study. The factors which have been stated may be that which are implicitly defining the crucial state of improvement and other sort of the like.   However, such does not dente weakness, but rather an innate sense of quality analysis as shown in the diagram below[1].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the diagram is that which is not focused on the federal prison arena, still, the idea is the same.   The improvement process is a cyclical form hence, having internal and external collaborations.   As stressed by Lewis and Clark in the improvement process, it is important to bear in mind that improvement itself does not stop in a certain peak.   Nevertheless, all state should be equally given consideration and in order to achieve the summit of total satisfaction, it must not only dwell on the ability of the tangibility of entities, but behavioral realms as well. Conclusion Reflecting the growing emphasis on organizational systems of care, QI is an organized approach to planning and implementing continuous improvement in performance. QI emphasizes continuous examination and improvement of work processes by teams of organizational members trained in basic statistical techniques and problem-solving tools who are empowered to make decisions based on their analyses of the data. Like other systems-based approaches, QI stresses that quality depends foremost on the processes by which services are designed and delivered. The systemic focus of QI complements a growing recognition in the field that the quality of the care delivered by clinicians depends substantially on the performance capability of the organizational systems in which they work. While individual clinician competence remains important, many increasingly see the capability of organizational systems to prevent errors, coordinate care among settings and practitioners, and ensure that relevant, accurate information is available when needed as critical elements in providing high-quality care. We argue that implementation of QI in federal prison settings can be facilitated by organizational structures, resources, and operational systems that provide a supportive context for enhancing both the scope and intensity of clinical QI efforts. Scope refers to the extent or range of application of QI philosophy and methods, and, as such, it indicates the pervasiveness with which QI practices permeate organizational structures and routines. QI emphasizes organization-wide commitment and involvement because most-if not all-vital work processes span many individuals, disciplines, and departments (Berwick, Godfrey, and Roessner 1990; James 1989). Intensity refers to the strength of application or degree of focus on QI philosophy and methods and therefore, indicates the degree of development of the QI effort. In a well-developed QI effort, continuous improvement becomes an integral part of the daily work life of organizational members, as opposed to an intermittent or circumscribed activity (Berwick 1990; Deming 1986; Ishikawa 1985). While quality control remains important, continuous improvement becomes the primary goal (Berwick).    References:   Creech, B. (1995). The Five Pillars of TQM: How to Make Total Quality Management Work for You. New York: Plume. Foss, N. (1996). Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm (1 ed.). New York: Routledge. Schwab, D. P. (2004). Research Methods for Organizational Studies (Second ed.). New York: Lawrence Erlbaum. Williamson, O. E. (1995). Organization Theory: From Chester Barnard to the Present and Beyond (Expanded ed.). New York: Oxford University Press, USA. [1] Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI); Lewis and Clark Model.

Are You There, Reader? Its Me Margaret Essays -- Literary Analysis

Joseph Michael Sommers, has written an article on one of Judy Blume’s most iconic coming of age story; Are You There, God? It’s Me Margaret. In this article he speaks about the nature of this novel and how it speaks to young adolescent females. He speaks about the connection the novel has between the protagonist and the reader. Sommer’s argument is that the protagonist breaks the fourth wall and seeks outside intervention to her troubles in her life. The author speaks about the boundaries Judy Blume has tested. One is â€Å"sororal dialogism† in the novel, and how he will show it as a recast of avuncularism. Also how sororal bond can be found and interpreted in the novel. Another issue is, how Are You There God? It’s Me Margaret, has been described as a problem novel. As well as what position the reader plays. One thing that stood out was that Sommers in the title of the essay puts â€Å"reader† in the spot where the word â€Å"God† should be. The author uses first person point of view in his article, to connect with his audience, but his connection is not a personal one he wants it to be one of logic. He puts emphasis on the fact that we as reader are somewhat put in a position, that if we are the same gender and have gone through the same adolescent troubles (puberty, menstruation, boys, etc), we are compelled to identify with the main character. Sommer’s states: The reader reads in order to feel sorrow for the protagonist in a manner the reader can assimilate. Yet, it seems that the nature of Margaret’s thoughts is inherently dialogic or, to work with Duke’s terms, empathic: neither Margaret nor the reader uses the text in order to solicit pity from the other. What function would a â€Å"pity party† serve a reader by herself? To the contra... ...oached. Such as: how the reader is seen as having so many roles, and to which one do they take. This article is well- written and he has some significant points about the novel. Sommer’s tactics of constructing his argument in a logical manner was the right thing to do. It helps the reader to separate their feelings that they may have had when reading the novel, and look at facts. In some parts of the article he used reader-response, which helped you to question what others have said about this novel. Although there were parts where his argument is not clear, it did consist of some valid points. Works Cited Joseph Michael Sommers. "Are You There, Reader? It’s Me, Margaret: A Reconsideration of Judy Blume’s Prose as Sororal Dialogism." Children's Literature Association Quarterly 33.3 (2008): 258-279. Project MUSE. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. .

Social Concerns in the Novel “The Kite Runner”

In the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, there are plenty of examples that prove this to be correct, walking through the life as an upper or lower class citizen, dealing with tough situations. As upper class citizens, it is much easier to receive a proper education due to the fact that it isn’t necessary for one to get an occupation to help support their family because no additional support is needed. Since upper class citizens can have the luxury of being able to read and write, they are more likely to become successful, for example,Amir, a young boy who is born into the wealth of his father, Baba, talks about how he is using his education to excel in language arts, â€Å"In school, we used to play a game called Sherjangi, or â€Å"Battle of the Poems. † The Farsi teacher moderated it and it went something like this: You recited a verse from a poem and your opponent had sixty seconds to reply with a verse that began with the same letter that ended with yours. Everyone in my class wanted me on their team, because by the time I was eleven, I could recite dozens of erses†¦One time, I took on the whole class and won† (17). This example shows how Amir has the advantage over most kids, who aren’t as fortunate to receive an education and is able to excel by becoming one of the most prominent students in poetry of his class. It also shows that Amir has a good chance of being a success by using this education to advance him for when he’s older. Rahim Khan, Baba’s best friend, also notices that Amir is becoming more knowledgeable in language arts when he reads Amir’s first story, â€Å"I enjoyed your story very much.Mashallah, God as granted you a special talent. It is now your duty to hone that talent, because a person who wastes his God-given talents is a donkey. You have written your story with sound grammar and interesting style. But the most impressive thing about your story is that it has irony. You ma y not even know what that word means. But you will someday. It is something that some writers reach for their entire careers and never attain. You have achieved it in your first story† (28). This again further displays that because Amir is able to receive a good ducation, he is able to write impressively. Not only does this example show that he is a good student, but it also shows that if one is given the chance to be educated and takes advantage of it they can become successful. People in the upper class have the opportunity to gain an education because they have the wealth to be able to do so, however people in the lower class aren’t as fortunate. People who are in the lower class are forced to work hard for what they have because, they haven’t been blessed with the luxury of being born into a wealthy family.This is true for Hassan, Ali’s friend and servant, who must stay with his father and work at Ali’s home to earn a living and isn’t abl e to educate himself by going to school, however Hassan learns to appreciate life and everything that is given to him, for example, Amir describes a normal day for Hassan and himself, â€Å"During the school year, we had a daily routine. By the time I dragged myself out of bed and lumbered to the bathroom, Hassan had already washed up, prayed the morning namaz with Ali, and prepared my breakfast.While I ate and complained about homework, Hassan made my bed, polished my shoes, ironed my outfit for the day, packed my books and pencils. I’d hear him singing to himself in the foyer as he ironed, singing old Hazara songs in his nasal voice. Then, Baba and I drove off in his black Ford Mustang† (23). This excerpt shows very wonderfully, how Hassan is a hard working young boy, in the lower class, who appreciates things and makes the best of his situation, he is awake bright and early, full of energy, singing and enjoying the day he has before him, happy to be alive.It also sh ows the fact that people in the lower class are able to enjoy the little things in life much more than that of the upper class, because they have to work hard and appreciate the things they work hard for. However people in the upper class may become snobby and take for granted the things that they have, for instance, when Amir is reading to Hassan, and Hassan stops him to ask a question, â€Å"what does that word mean? ‘which one? ’ ‘imbecile’ ‘you don’t know what it means’ I said, grinning. ‘Nay, Amir agha. ’ ‘But it’s such a common word! ’ ‘Still, I don’t know it. ‘Well everyone in my school knows what it means’, I said. ‘Let’s see. ‘Imbecile. ’ It means smart, intelligent. I’ll use it in a sentence for you. ‘When it comes to words, Hassan is an imbecile’(25). This shows that Amir doesn’t appreciate the fact that he is able to be so educated and demeans Hassan for not being able to have an education. However, Hassan shows that he is eager to learn more and appreciates the stories that Amir reads to him and wants to have the full understanding of the story, thus showing that people of the lower class usually show reater appreciation for what they have and earn. Some may like to think that living life prosperously is always a good thing, and to most it is a very positive experience because it represents hard work that one has done in order to earn that rich lifestyle, but to others who come into prosperity without earning it find it hard to deal with the struggles one finds in life. People, such as Baba, know what hard work is and are generous to others who are less fortunate because they know what its like to work hard to become successful, for example, Rahim Khan refers to Baba’s enerosity when speaking with Amir,†I think that everything he did, feeding the poor, giving money to friends in need, it was all a way of redeeming himself. And that, I believe, is what true redemption is, Amir Jan† (302). This shows how Baba, although wealthy, is very caring and shows a true commitment to helping others who need it. It also displays the character that Baba has been instilled with through life experiences, such as trials and tribulations, which help him to appreciate what he has earned. However to others, such as Amir, who is born into prosperity, don’t know the meaning of hard ork or how to deal with problems they are faced with, for instance when Baba is discussing his son’s inability to deal with problems, such as bullies, with Rahim Khan he says, â€Å"Self-defense has nothing to do with meanness. You know what always happens when the neighborhood boys tease him? Hassan steps in and fends them off. I’ve seen it with my own eyes. And when they come home I say to him, ‘how did Hassan get that scrape on his face? ’ And he says, †˜he fell down. ’ I’m telling you, Rahim, there is something missing in that boy† (20). This is a good example of how Amir is unable to esolve matters on his own while Hassan is able to deal with situations and predicaments because of his tough upbringing. It also shows that Amir is incapable of working with conflicts because he has always been protected and dependant on others, unlike Hassan who hasn’t had that luxury of having things handed to him and has always fought for everything he has. In closing, the lifestyle of the upper class can be very fulfilling if the hard work that goes into it is understood, however if it isn’t and one becomes spoiled, it can be detrimental to one’s life and personality.

The Relationship Between Capitalism And Democracy

The relationship between capitalism and democracy has been defined by many as fundamental complementary ideologies, and social scientists have discovered an undeniable link between the two structures with some suggesting that â€Å"where either capitalism or democracy flourishes, the other must soon follow† (Reich, 2007). Currently, the main form of modern democracy is polyarchal democracy which originated from the Greek word polyarkhe, meaning ‘many rule’. This infers that multiple people within a government system possess political power, making it neither a dictatorship nor a pure democracy ruled by the people. The relationship between these two complementary yet conflicting social structures have led some to believe that there are in fact enemies rather than corresponding entities due to the selfish and competitive nature of capitalism negatively affecting a democracy’s notion of equality. Joseph Schumpeter however, proposed in ‘Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy’ that democracy may function just as effectively under socialism rather than drawing the conclusion that democracy is only generated under the conditions of capitalism. Other social scientists like Rueschemeyer, Stephens and Stephens (1992) believe that â€Å"democracy arises due to its functional fit with the advanced industrial economy†, which provides an answer as to why many 3rd world and developing countries still have yet to implicate the form of democracy in their political systems due to their lack of industrialShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of A Nation State902 Words   |  4 Pages While some inhabitants of a nation might accept the the culture of other nations in addition to their own, others might have feelings of deep nationalism. In Scotland, this appeared to be true and what it did was cause somewhat of a social rift between the two nations. 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The political structure derived from this cooperation has to have the power to restrain individual behaviors in order to keep the society together for the same common goals. The political structure gets this power from the idea thatRead MoreThe Fall Of Feudalism And The Rise Of Capitalism1304 Words   |  6 Pagesfeudalism in the 12th century eventually led to the rise of capitalism. To get there, the first thing needed was a change in thinking. This began with the scientific revolution, and led to the Enlightenment in the 18th century. The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, was highlighted by individualism, reason, and skepticism. Skepticism caused people to denounce divine right of kings, thus moving from monarchies to democracies. T his desire for knowledge coupled with the scientific revolutionRead MoreMarx And Engels s Marxism On Class And Class Struggle1362 Words   |  6 Pagespeople could be in poverty in a world where there is so much wealth. His answer was simple: capitalism. The Communist Manifesto discusses class and class struggle as a vital part of the capitalist system. Marx and Engels state that class is made up of people who are in the same position in relation to the ownership and control of the means of wealth production.(cite) For Marx and Engels the class struggle between the upper class, or bourgeoisie class and the working class, or the proletariat class is